What feature is crucial for a device's ability to adjust screen orientation dynamically?

The ability for a device to adjust screen orientation dynamically is primarily facilitated by the accelerometer. This sensor detects the device's orientation in relation to the Earth's gravitational field. When the device is rotated, the accelerometer senses that change and relays this information to the operating system, which then adjusts the display from portrait to landscape mode, or vice versa, accordingly.

The other options do not play a significant role in changing screen orientation. The GPS module provides location data and is not involved in screen orientation adjustments. Screen resolution pertains to the clarity and detail of the display but does not affect how it rotates. Touchscreen capability allows for user interaction with the display but, again, does not contribute to the sensing of orientation changes. Therefore, the accelerometer is essential for enabling dynamic screen orientation adaptation.