What type of memory is typically used for the system's primary storage?

The type of memory that is typically used for the system's primary storage is RAM, or Random Access Memory. RAM serves as the working memory of a computer, where the operating system, applications, and data currently in use are kept so they can be quickly accessed by the processor. This volatile memory facilitates quick read and write operations, which are vital for the performance and efficiency of computing tasks.

In contrast, options like flash memory are primarily used for long-term storage in devices such as SSDs and USB drives, where data retention is necessary even when the power is off. Cache memory refers to smaller, faster types of volatile memory located closer to the CPU to speed up the access to frequently used data and instructions. Meanwhile, ROM (Read-Only Memory) is a non-volatile type of memory that is used to store firmware, providing essential instructions for booting up the computer but not serving as primary storage for active processes. Therefore, RAM’s role as the primary storage option highlights its critical function in a computer's operation by providing the speed and flexibility needed for immediate data access.